The Ultimate Guide to Home Inspections: What Every Buyer Needs to Know

Whether you're buying an existing home or a newly constructed one, a home inspection is one of the most critical steps in the home-buying process. It helps uncover potential issues, ensures safety, and provides peace of mind before making a major financial investment.

This guide will walk you through the home inspection process for both existing and new construction homes, including the three-phase inspection process for newly built properties.

Why Home Inspections Are Essential

A home may look perfect on the surface, but hidden defects can be costly if not identified early. A professional home inspection helps to:

• Detect structural issues, faulty wiring, plumbing problems, and roofing defects.
• Provide a negotiation tool—buyers can request repairs or price adjustments based on findings.
• Offer peace of mind, knowing the home is safe and in good condition before moving in.

Home Inspection Process for an Existing Home

For existing homes, the inspection is a one-time, comprehensive evaluation conducted after an offer is accepted but before closing. The inspector examines key components, including:

1. Structural Integrity

• Foundation, walls, floors, and ceilings for cracks or shifts.
• Signs of water damage or settlement issues.

2. Roof & Exterior

• Missing, damaged, or aging shingles.
• Gutter drainage and proper grading around the home.

3. HVAC System

• Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning functionality.
• Age and expected lifespan of the systems.

4. Plumbing & Electrical Systems

• Water pressure, pipe leaks, and drainage issues.
• Outdated wiring, overloaded panels, and GFCI outlets.

5. Appliances & Interior Features

• Functionality of major appliances (stove, dishwasher, water heater, etc.).
• Condition of windows, doors, insulation, and flooring.

New Construction Home Inspections: The Three-Phase Process

Many buyers assume a newly built home is free of defects, but even brand-new homes can have issues. A three-phase inspection process ensures the home is properly built before moving in.

Phase 1: Pre-Foundation (Pre-Pour) Inspection

• Ensures proper grading and soil preparation.
• Verifies correct installation of rebar and footings.
• Checks plumbing and electrical groundwork before the concrete is poured.

Phase 2: Pre-Drywall (Framing) Inspection

• Inspects framing, electrical, plumbing, and HVAC installations before walls are closed.
• Ensures structural components are correctly installed.
• Allows for corrections before finishing work begins.

Phase 3: Final Inspection

• Conducted when the home is fully built but before closing.
• Includes a full check of plumbing, electrical, HVAC, and structural components.
• Works alongside the builder’s final walkthrough.

What Happens After the Inspection?

After the inspection, the inspector provides a detailed report outlining any concerns. Buyers can:

• Request repairs or credits from the seller or builder.
• Proceed with the purchase knowing what to expect.
• Walk away if major issues arise (depending on contract contingencies).

Final Thoughts

Whether you're purchasing an existing home or a brand-new one, an inspection is a crucial step to safeguard your investment. For new homes, the three-phase inspection process adds an extra layer of protection to ensure your home is built correctly.

If you’re in the market for a home, don’t skip the inspection—it can save you thousands in future repairs and provide peace of mind as you move forward in your homeownership journey.